Il ne pouvait pas
venir, parce
qu' il était malade.
He could not come, because he was ill.
12.6.3 puisque = since, as
Il ne pouvait pas
venir, puisqu' il était malade.
Er konnten nicht kommen, weil er krank
war.
Puisque and parce
que are equal to the English conjunctions
since / because.
Normally there are no differences between puisque
(since, as) and
parce que (because of)
and they can be used synonymously.
Il ne paye pas, puisqu' il n' a pas d' argent.
Er zahlt nicht, da er kein Geld hat.
Il ne paye pas, parce qu' il n' a pas d' argent.
Er zahlt nicht, weil er kein Geld hat.
However, with since / puisque
you refer to something that is already known. And, in case it is important that something is already known, then both conjunctions cannot be used synonymously.
Puisque vous l' avez déjà dit vous-même, tout est clair.
Since you have already said it yourself, it is all clear.
not: Parce que vous l' avez déjà dit vous-même, tout est clair.
not: Because you have already said it yourself, it is all clear.
12.6.4 comme = as
Comme il n' est pas venu à l' heure, nous sommes partis sans lui.
As he did not come on time, we have gone without him.
Comme il n' était pas venu, je croyais qu' il avait eu un accident.
As he did not come, I thought that he had an accident.
12.6.5 ainsi = hence
Sa mère mourut
à sa naissance, ainsi
elle ne l'avait jamais connue
Her mother died at his birth, hence she has never known her.
12.6.6 non (pas) parce
que = not because
Je l' aime non
parce qu' il est riche, mais
parce qu' il est très riche.
They love him, not because he is rich but because he is very rich.
12.6.7 et grâce
à = thanks
Ils ont été
très attentifs et grâce à eux je sais
qui m' a volé mon argent.
They were very attentive and thanks to them I know who has stolen my money.
12.6.8 en raison de =
due to
Tout homme persécuté
en raison de
son action en faveur de la liberté,
a droit d'asile sur les territoires
de la République.
Everyone persecuted due to his encouragement for liberty has the right to seek for asylum on the territory of the republic.
La vie de Beethoven
a été tragique en
raison de sa maladie aux oreilles
qui le rendit sourd dès 1819.
The live of Beethoven has been tragique due to a sickness of the ears, which made him become deaf from 1819 on.
12.6.9 c'est pourquoi
= therefore
Je l'aime et c'est
pourquoi je suis retourné
avec elle.
I love her and therefore I have returned with her.
